Photocatalytic Degradation of Acid Red and Acid Black Dyes Using Mn-Doped SrTiO₃ Perovskite Nanostructures
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Abstract
Industrial effluents, especially those containing synthetic dyes which include acid red (AR) and acid black (AB), keep to pose excessive ecological and health dangers due to their balance and resistance to biodegradation. This takes a look at addresses this difficulty by using exploring Mn-doped SrTiO₃ perovskite nanostructures as photocatalysts below visible light situations. The substances have been synthesized thru the sol-gel path and comprehensively characterized using X-ray Diffraction (XRD), Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM), Transmission Electron Microscopy (TEM), Ultraviolet–Visible Diffuse Reflectance Spectroscopy (UV-Vis/DRS), Brunauer–Emmett–Teller (BET) surface analysis, and Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy (FTIR). surface analysis. Photocatalytic exams were done beneath visible light publicity to assess dye elimination efficiency and determine the role of operational factors such as pH, catalyst dose, and preliminary dye load. The creation of Mn into the SrTiO₃ lattice caused outstanding enhancements in seen-mild absorption and charge separation, allowing degradation efficiencies exceeding (90%) inside a hundred and twenty mins. These outcomes affirm the potential of Mn-doped SrTiO₃ as a viable photocatalyst for dye-contaminated wastewater treatment utilizing solar or artificial light sources The Mn-doped SrTiO₃ achieved degradation efficiencies of (92.5 %) for acid red (1 and 88.3 %) for acid black 1 within (120 min). The optical band gap was reduced from (3.21 eV) to (2.58 eV), and the kinetic rate constants increased up to (0.0146 and 0.0138 min⁻¹) respectively, highlighting significant improvements in photocatalytic performance under visible light.
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